An under what? I recommend the book Dirty Genes. Hi Jen. The ideas, procedures, and suggestions contained within this work are not intended as a substitute for consulting with a medical doctor. I am based in the UK and would like to get tested for Methylation and other renamed tests, but dont know where to start. Navy Beans (soaked) I do genetic testing to evaluate for SNPs and methylation panel from Doctors Data but there are other ways such as organic acid testing. [3] "The Role of Methylation and Epigenetics in Brain Disorders" presented by William J. Walsh, PhD. Addictions: such as to alcohol, caffeine, chocolate, junk food, other people, exercise, work, reading, etc. He is clear that the ratio between methyl groups and folate is critical to consider brilliant guy if you ask me! That is the best way to find all methylation mutation. National Library of Medicine On the other hand, undermethylation can also be associated with high inner tension, depression and obsessive-compulsive tendencies. Does that mean he needs more? My grandmother had a severe reaction to pecans, luckily found her neighbor at home next door and got a ride to the hospital. Fish Oil Causing Depression or Anxiety? Perfectionism, High achievement: Essentially Undermethylatorshave low levels of SAM-e, which donates methyl. However, the fact that undermethylators tend to have low serotonin, it can make some of these individuals more prone to developing depression. Lime Plums We live in the Philippines. In simple terms, its a biochemical process involving a group of methyl molecules and its essential for your body to function normally. Careers. They may be intolerant to less-than-perfect outcomes. J Agric Food Chem. Artichoke For example, should I take Sam-e? So dont know what supplements to take. If you are overmethylated, you will likely have elevated levels of serotonin, low levels of histamine, and likely a low count of absolute basophils. This was a great article, but the recommendations to get the MTHFR test as a sole measure or indicator of methylation status is problematic. Caffeine decreases my energy and increases my brain fog 90% of the time (I keep trying to repeat this study in case the results come out differently.) It is the best gut healing diet, but there are several. There are also other testing panels available that look at the SAMe/SAH ratio. The blood tests may not suit everyone but it is worth the time and effort. . These things make his head tight, give him heart-palps, agitation, massive sweating, itching everywhere, etc. Your best bet is to get a whole blood histamine test. Continuing Education Activity. Please help me. Thank you, Mom in Chicago! Even B vitamins (even those without the folate and B12) help him feel better temporarily (for the first 12 hours), but then leave him with even more anxiety and agitation than he had to begin with. Determining whether you have an MTHFR mutation is the best way for you to get proof that supports your hypothesis of being an overmethylator or undermethylator. I have A1298C heterogeneous and will be going to see a functional medicine doctor later this month. If you're interested learning more about overmethylation, I encourage you to check out my blog: Is Overmethylation The Cause of Your Anxiety? Copper - Many methylation enzymes require copper for reactions. Read Gut Health and Cellular Energy to find out more. Citrus foods are histamine liberators which increase histamine release and so should also be avoided. Most people it seems do better for a day or two, week or two and then something swings the other way. You seem to be very knowledgable and I would love to hear more from you on this topic. Also would be a good idea to have some benedryl around too if you don't think it's going to be a severe reaction. Turnips I would just say have one on hand to be safe. GPs, Integrative Doctors and Complementary Practitioners Working Together, Invitation to Health | Integrative Medicine, Every cell needs adequate methylation for its normal growth and repair, Methylation helps the body to detox and eliminate potentially dangerous substances, Proper methylation is particularly important for the brain and the neurotransmitters that influence moods. For patients suffering from yeast overgrowth, temporarily eliminating fruit, honey, and nuts may be beneficial. Eats a clean unprocessed diet, Mostly paleo. 2013. Grapes Raw Cows amasai, kefir and yogurt, Beef Your email address will not be published. They are now on a limited folate diet. It seems no one has definite answers. High histamine can indicate undermethylation, as the methylation process breaks down histamine (suggesting under-activity), whereas low histamine levels can suggest overmethylation (suggesting over-activity). She does it through a company called spectra cell. I am getting worse and my life is a living hell. A key enzyme used in the synthesis of your body's most important methyl donor, S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe). The undermethylation (38%) and pyrrole disorder (15%) biotypes involve low serotonin activity with many reports of improvement after SSRI antidepressants. Coconuts Methylation is the ability of the body to turn on or off certain enzymes, hormones, neurotransmitters, different chemicals by way of certain methyl groups. 1. He has very high zinc (though still within the high normal range), but very low copper (but still at the edge of the low normal range). It has been almost 2 years since he tried medication now, and because he is so sensitive to everything, he is afraid to go down that road again. But even a tiny amount turned him into an emotional wreck he put his foot through the wall and started hallucinating! There's a common misconception that the genetic mutations associated are what cause under or overmethylation. Tian R, Zhang R, Uddin M, Qiao X, Chen J, Gu G. Environ Pollut. Caffeine underwent demethylation reactions, which were confirmed with authentic standards, and the total amount accounted for 20% of the initially applied caffeine. Undermethylation interferes with the production of glutathione. The best solution is to speak with your ITH doctor, naturopath or nutritionist, who will advise you on the best course of action in your particular situation. Additionally it may be important to avoid folic acid as levels may be abnormally high throughout neurons. Methylation is a biochemical reaction in our body that is involved in many important bodily processes. Methylation: The act of giving a methyl group to another compound altering its chemical structure thereby changing it to something else. Do you go into more detail about the efect of folic acid on undermethylation anywhere? Cantaloupe Vitamin B12 According to other websites its just the opposite, the rationale being people cant convert homocysteine to methionine. He reacts extremely to even that much. Doctor added deplin, I dont know if its helping or not. Hcy can blur the interpretation of over or under methylation and is not definite indicator, while everyone almost invariably agrees that elevated all blood Histamine level is the indication of under methylation. Avocado Oil My homocysteine level is High. Sparkling Water Please go to the Instagram Feed settings page to connect an account. Mackerel Bok Choy We have developed a portable caffeine degradation operon by refactoring the alkylxanthine degradation (Alx) gene cluster from Pseudomona `often doesnt feel well, some nausea or diarrhea. You might not recognise the term, but undermethylation is linked to a wide range of conditions. Never in the history of humanity has soy been consumed in the manner it is today. Many patients have difficult digesting fats in the beginning of the diet and may only be able to tolerate a few tablespoons while the body is healing. He said histamine, not Hcy. Organic, raw milk (unpasteurised, unhomogenised) is usually well digested and contains a high level of nutrients. Caffeine is, of course something anyone with panic related disorders should avoid, and for me it was the agent that made me have panic in the first place, and I learned quickly. All matters regarding your health require medical supervision. Processed foods (toxic vegetable oils, chemical preservatives, food colourings, artificial flavouring, MSG, genetically modified foods, high fructose corn syrup, excessive sugars, and other junk). Also calcium and copper increase restlessness. Undermethylation is formally referred to as histadelia. In the mean time my endocrinologist recommend a few methyl vitamins, B6, and alpha linolenic acid to see if that helps my fatigue and a few other items. While genetic mutations might make it more likely that you're not methylating enough and there are also likely environmental causes. The fact is medical doctor or not no one has a clue how this stuff works. Were also aware that TMG lowers homocysteine and his is already so low, at 5.7, so he probably cant afford that. There are other significant consequences for undermethylators. Anyway just thought Id offer myself as a glimpse into the mind of an overmethylator haha, hope she finds healing soon. Orange The most obvious cause is that of MTHFR genetic polymorphisms. Methyl groups (Me) have one carbon atom bonded with three or more hydrogen atoms. Hempseed Oil My biggest symptom for overmethylation is an extreme insomnia (~90 minutes of sleep per night) and the opposite when undermethylated (~9-12 hours sleep). Do the AIP diet. When these methyl molecules are in short supply the result is undermethylation and it can have a number of effects. This can lead to perfectionism, high accomplishment, and high achievement. Epub 2017 May 23. Ok in moderation but can cause many of the same issuesof grains. Here are some of those precursors and cofactors you should add to your diet to help with your undermethylation: Basically, the key here is to eliminate things that often cause people problems such as common food sensitivities and inflammatory foods. After battling with ME, depression and anxiety for years, I now finally feel normal and able to function in the world. He just wants to give up. I had my family tested at 23andme.com $99. Seabass Seasonal allergies or frequent colds/flu: allergies may be stronger among undermethylators, particularly during seasonal transitions. It occurs more than one billion times per second in our cells. Garca CJ, Garca-Villalba R, Gil MI, Tomas-Barberan FA. Most of it is based on anecdotal observation and ultimately the people who tend to benefit the most are the naturopaths perpetuating nonsense and charging $200 for BS tests. It has been such a long time since he has felt completely well, and no one seems to know what to do to help him. But I can go about my daily life and have set up my own business. We are all different. Outside the nucleus, folic acid can actually contribute to the methyl groups in your body. I am an undermethylator and high copper. Rosemary I have been feeling really great until 10 days ago when I had a cortisone injection. High histamine is a marker for undermethylation, but in general it isnt the cause of the symptoms. Hi. I am very poor, on benefits and live in Manchester UK. It also includes cured, smoked and fermented meats such as salami and sausage, etc. It was such a small amount we could barely see it at the bottom of the capsule (about 15mg). Ive been trying to treat it with supplements but my symptoms flip back and forth every few days from overmethylation to undermethylation and back. Mahi Mahi Affiliate Link Disclosure: This post contains affiliate links. Serotonin is often called the happy neurotransmitter. Broccoli Although I think I am overmethylated now chronic fatigue and fibro fog can be cured. These speculative symptoms are thought to be specifically correlated with whether someone is considered to be stuck in a state of overmethylation vs. undermethylation.. Knowing your methylation status over your genetic MTHFR status can be extremely helpful if you're accustomed to mental health challenges. Another thing that can contribute to undermethylation besides the MTHFR gene mutations and environmental causes, are high levels of histamine in the body. Soy is not a health food. Vegetables Vegetables provide loads of vitamins, minerals, trace elements and anti-oxidants. Blueberries I need to have my daughter tested for methylation problems. Of these two sister conditions, undermethylation tends to get more of the attention but still it's important we clarify the differences, some common misconceptions, and a natural treatment options so you can do your best to reduce its impact in your life. If you are taking a medication and have a mutation of MTHFR that leads to overmethylation, below are some likely reactions. and transmitted securely. He has tried multiple SSRIs in the past with only a few helping a bit, but the effect is very short-lived. Soy is not a health food. So what does that mean? I try to limit dairy, but otherwise no other food sensitivities. Before My doctor put me onto a vitamin B and folate mix and I have also been to a naturopath. Required fields are marked *. They are extremely detrimental to digestive system and the healing process. Too much conflicting info. I live in SE Auckland and would like to discuss MTHFR homogenous with you. Undermethylation occurs when someone doesnt have enough methyl groups to switch on certain processes. 16 Signs of Histamine Intolerance (and WHAT causes it). Venison and other wild game, Apple It's probably the combination of different SNPs that amount to a response, since there is so much overlap in what affects what. But the period where it increases his anxiety initially, before it helps, is so intense, he is afraid to take more. Glutathione is also important as an antioxidant to prevent cell damage. Avocados Uptake of arsenic species by turnip (Brassica rapa L.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) treated with roxarsone and its metabolites in chicken manure. Inner tension: may appear to exhibit a calm demeanour, they may be filled with inner tension. However, it is also important to realize that nutritional intervention can be highly effective and successful over the long-term. Vitamin B6 < Modern day vegetable oils (canola, vegetable, sunflower, safflower, sesame, avocado. Please go to the Instagram Feed settings page to connect an account. (Some of them do telephone consultations.). According to this website low homocysteine is an indicator of undermethylation. Vivian. The removal of methyl groups is called demethylation. If you are dealing with overmethylation, many experts will recommend a specific supplement regimen over the course of 3 to 6 months. Posted by ; gatsby lies about his wealth quote; north korea central bank rothschild . The other thing Im finding is that it is possible to be an undermethylator with high copper. If you know for a fact that undermethylation is the problem, taking a targeted nutritional approach is your best bet. Bone Broth DMAE I am also on hydrocortisone for adrenal fatigue but it is not effective anymore hence I am reducing it but I cannot tolerate (even small amounts of vitamins) which is my main frustration. If you have an allergy to a food, and a problem digesting it, its likely going to excite your immune system, degrade your gut health, and lead to some health issues. The Raw Truth About Milk by William Cambell Douglas explains the health differences between raw versus commercial milk. Reduction in starches, elimination of processed food. Vit D 3000iu Rhodiola 200mg (3:1) + Siberian Ginseng LLS Cognitive Enhance (see attached - ALCAR, Tyrosine, CDP, Phosphatidylserine, Creatine, Caffeine, Theanine) PM: NAC 1000mg Algae Omega 3 (EPA + DHA) Probiotic Magnesium Glycinate 500mg Few notes: - potentially looking at adding GABA in to the PM. Listen to your body and introduce foods very gradually, observing for any negative reactions. Dr. Walsh says 23andme is not helpful to determine methylation status. This is because overmethylation can create high levels of dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine in the brain. Supplements for Undermethylation may be warranted. http://wurtmanlab.mit.edu/static/pdf/921.pdf, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014579301025121, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11237928, http://nobleboss.awardspace.com/mednotes/pharmanotes/chapter_set4/hist_antihist.htm. Your email address will not be published. With a forum dedicated to sharing the world's opinions on the topic, the ultimate outcome is an accurate representation of what is Undermethylation. What You Can Do. Niacinamide may really help the anxiety and other mental issues Id start low, maybe 50-100mg and ramp it up it wont cause the flushing. Its best to get tested before trying supplements, but what youre describing sounds a lot like me and I overmethylate. Then it all returns to normal anxiety again. Any suggestions appreciated. Duck Addressing the methylation imbalances could significantly improve your symptoms and/or overall health. These are figuratively countless numbers of on/off switches that regulate countless processes in your body including the immune system, DNA maintenance, hormone production, energy production and detoxification. My DD& has the MTHFR C677T homozygous mutation. undermethylation and caffeine. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16825685, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9461031, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15627265, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19812675, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18950248, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21939673, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11916749, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16939485, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20920744, Dr. Jill is Your Functional Medicine Expert! I believe I am an overmethylator waiting for the Whole Blood Histamine test results. Pantoprazole (Protonix) vs. Omeprazole (Prilosec), Lexapro (Escitalopram) vs. Prozac (Fluoxetine), Pregabalin (Lyrica) vs. Gabapentin (Neurontin). My Fibromyalgia is gone after stopping Folic Acid and taking natural Folate: along with Magnesium. Check The Hidden Dangers of Soy by Dianne Gregg and The Whole Soy Story by Dr Kaayla Daniel. If you're bothered by headaches, restlessness or anxiety, you may want to reevaluate your caffeine intake. Despite his blood tests showing low homocysteine, she put him on methylfolate which apparently reduces homocysteine because that is what you do for undermethylators. Did you limit food sources of folate? Undermethylation reduces the production of serotonin and dopamine. While these generally are not severe, then can interfere with the accuracy of a persons perception of reality. Im thinking of all the supplements Ive tried, and I cant think of any that helped my fatigue/lack of motivation/anxiety/depression. The subject of nutrition resides in a harsh environment. These supplements work to correct nutritional imbalances and should improve symptoms of the condition. Methylation status something I regularly check patients for because it's a process the body needs to run diverse and vital functions, but oftentimes their methylation processing isn't quite balanced causing them to undermethylate or overmethylate. Undermethylation Histamine is one of the chemicals which requires methylation to be metabolised correctly; poor methylation can lead to high histamine and high histamine can deplete methyl groups which leads to poor (under) methylation. They help send messages between nerve cells in your brain (all 100 billion of them) and to the rest of the body to regulate your actions, thoughts and moods. Please share in the comments! Of course, one can also be a 'normal' methylator with average histamine levels (more on histamine later). I can report the results of a recent study on caffeine use in PWMEs. Macadamia Oil I also suffered from panic attacks over a and although coffeine is a stimulant in I could better avoid it during acute panic, it was surely more helpful then harmful. So, there are inaccuracies in this article but overall it is helpful. Nutrient Power: Heal Your Biochemistry and Heal Your Brain. Using a cohort of 1, the study found a 100% correlation between increased caffeine and decreased energy. Methylation is the biochemical process of moving a methyl group (CH3) from one substance to another. Below are some supplements that someone may take if they are overmethylated. So, he has just tried various supplements. I cannot tell whether he is an under or an over-methylator. Rhubarb One thing people might want to note here that was not mentioned; Low methylation can impair glutathione levels, so someone can have methylation and glutathione levels near crash and stay at those levels, very nasty. Ive read Nutrient Power by DR. Walsh and what he says about folic acid having a negative impact on mood and emotions for people who are undermethylated seems to hold true for me. Ingesting high levels of folic acid can be toxic for those with MTHFR gene mutation. I am fighting suicidal depression because of how hard my life is; it is a real battle and there is no hope for me. Salmon Antihistamines are helpful for undermethylators. Is your digestive system functioning better? 8600 Rockville Pike Taking the natural form of FOLATE has been of great help. Undermethylation. undermethylation and caffeine. That was ten years ago. Blackberries My doctor prescribed a methylated B complex. If serotonin isn't properly methylated, for example, it will . There is nothing good about being an overmethylator. I added TMG to my mix to lower homocysteine but wonder how it will affect my higher copper. Strawberries Processed foods increasethe level of metabolic stressin your body and requirement to detoxify. . Hi Kim, I too have the same diagnosis as your sons. They help send messages between nerve cells in your brain (all 100 billion of them) and to the rest of the body to regulate your actions, thoughts and moods. Methylation is complicated, but I'm going to get overly simplistic today to tell you what you need to know about undermethylation. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Lexapro (Escitalopram) vs Zoloft (Sertraline): Extensive Comparison. Accessibility SIBO mimics celiac disease. He cannot tolerate even the slightest amount of methylfolate (it makes his head tight and ramps up his anxiety). [1] It's a vital metabolic process that takes place in every cell and organ in your body. Eat more dark, leafy greens - You want to eat l cup a day of vegetables like bok choy, escarole, Swiss chard, kale, watercress, spinach, or dandelion, mustard, collard, or beet greens. Get hold of Dr Natasha Campbell-McBrides book Gut and Pyschology Syndrome. There is also a tendency for higher histamine. Hi Helen, I just saw your comment (you may have ready found somewhere). though awaiting diagnoses. Thank you!!! They eventually experience exhaustion and burn-out and often turn to substance abuse or become addicted perhaps to alcohol or coffee as an alternative way to achieve the reward sensation. Lemon Unfermented soy foods (which include tofu, soya oil, soy proteins, soy flour, soy milk) contain high levels of substances that block mineral absorption (called phytates) and interfere with protein digestion. 2018 Jan;98(2):467-477. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.8482. We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites. This condition has too few methyl groups (a carbon group with three hydrogen atoms) which help regulate neurotransmitter activity. This can be confusing because it seems to contradict itself, but the most important thing to remember is that folic acid usually inhibits detoxification processes and therefore it doesn't feel great for somebody who's undermethylating. With the MTHFR gene, there are a variety of nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that may occur, some are considered heterozygous (on one strand of DNA) while others can be homozygous (on both strands of DNA). Your email address will not be published. Correcting nutritional imbalances is considered an important step towards improving undermethylation symptoms. Theyve been trained by Walsh himself: http://www.walshinstitute.org/clinical-resources.html. Theophylline. People who are experiencing overmethylation are generally very anxious. So in my case I have MTHFR C77T +/-.would this lead to overmethylation? Eggs (free-range) The goal is to gradually reduce the amount of methylation that occurs with targeted nutritional interventions. So let's briefly revisit methylation. Black Pepper I cant bear this anymore, and dont know how long I can hold on. High libido: highly interested in sex and/or have a higher than average drive compared to others. I also became depressed when I took folate. During the methylation cycle, neurotransmitters are created, giving rise to certain emotional states. Cabbage Sage Proteins high in cysteine, glycine and glutamate will help to top up your glutathione levels. Raw Sheep Cheese I live in Auckland, NZ. Too much methyl (overmethylation) results in a unique set of symptoms that are different than those resulting from too little methyl (undermethylation). Did RMC read the Dr Walsh book? Overmethylation (Histapenia): Too much methyl (a carbon group with three hydrogen atoms). This error message is only visible to WordPress admins. The phytoestrogens in these soy products are potent endocrine disruptors (they act as an oestrogenic hormone) that have been shown to depress thyroid function, cause premature development of secondary sex characteristics in children and disrupt the oestrogen / progesterone balance in general (effects are numerous). In fact, he cannot tolerate even the slightest stimulant (sugar, caffeine, scary movies, intense video games, etc). homestead high school staff. (I eat a salad every day). Apricot I am incredibly strong but have reached my limit to what I can stand. Hack Your Recovery with Blood Flow Restriction Training, Shining Light on a Mysterious Illness: Multiple Chemical Sensitivity, Understanding HPA Axis Dysfunction (Hint: Its Not Adrenal Fatigue), What is Your Total Toxic Burden? Where as people with overmethylation tend to have extreme anxiety accompanied with panic attacks in some cases. Magnesium Papaya If you are serious about learning whether you truly have a methylation problem, get the MTHFR gene tested and have the results analyzed. Dr. Mensah (Mensah medical website), does a really good job of breaking down this topic and how to get tested. Folic Acid (Folate) Although it occurs in all the cells of the body, 85% of methylation takes place in the liver. Zinc, This is the best article I have read and the most accurate. Lots of research done on niacinamide for mental problems up to and including schizophrenia Google it. Meats, Fish, Shellfish, Organ meats grass-fed, hormone/anti-biotic free meats, fresh (not farmed) fish. The contradictory information is very confusing. Vegetable oils and other polyunsaturated oils are heavily processed and often rancid by the time they reach the supermarket and are not required for human health. I can see symptons in both. Tarragon Sardines There are nutrient-based treatments available. She may use diet, supplements, lifestyle changes or medication to treat your illness but will seek the most gentle way to help your body restore balance along with the least invasive treatment possible. Are you less moody, anxious or depressed? Vitamin C < If you suspect undermethylation is causing you problems, I encourage you to seek out the help of a functional medicine doctor with experience in this area. Might want to talk to your doctor about a SIBO program. But answer me this if methylation, candida, adrenal, Lymes, heavy metals, toxicities, deficiencies, etc, etc, were the issue and were solved by taking supplements then why arent there thousands of people testifying that theyre cured? another Mom in Chicago ;). -Chromium Picolinate (reduces headache 80%) Romaine Lettuce Histamine is an important mediator released by your mast cells to cause acute inflammation. This is because high histamine levels and undermethylation are associated. Undermethylators tend to respond well to serotonin-enhancing substances. If you get stuck go to Up to 400 milligrams of caffeine a day is considered safe for most adults. 2019 Apr;247:1134-1142. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.02.009. Undermethylation can occur when methyl molecules are insufficient. Red Snapper I have disabling OCD/tics; CBT does not work and medication caused tinnitus and hyperacusis so am unable to return to that route. Skyhorse; Revised, Updated ed. During the methylation process, neurotransmitters are created, giving rise to certain emotional states. Under or over methylation is just another way of saying that methylation is out of balance and this can cause serious health issues. Learning to still and quieten that racing, enables us to access the deeper part of ourselves that might be called spirit. Would you like email updates of new search results? I take Wellbutrin XL and brintellix, working okay. Quail and other wild game Most naturopaths can organize this test for you in NZ. Ghee The following vitamins/ minerals work for me: -Niacin Grab the 3 Nutrition Secrets You Must Know for Your Health to THRIVE! Why is it a problem? When the gene is considered abnormal, the methyl cycle may function abnormally. Niacinamide Low glutathione levels can impair methylation. The key with methylation, with or without an MTHFR mutation, is to find the happy medium. See the video section for a thorough discussion. undermethylation . I have my latest basic blood test results but dont see anything I could relate to what I read here, so I think youd have to specify to the general doctor before going for the test that you want to test that specific gene. Choose a variety of different grass-fed muscle and organ meats, wild fish and organic, free-range eggs. Haddock Dr. Jill Health - Radiant-C Cream 1.8 oz.